Table of Contents
What is Obesity?
Obesity is an abnormal or excessive increase of fats that can be dangerous to health. Obesity is a chronic disorder, of multifactorial foundation, of high incidence, associated with an multiplied hazard of developing cardiovascular illnesses, a decrease within the excellent of lifestyles, and an increase in mortality.
Types of Obesity
The worldwide classification of Obesity in adults proposed by way of the WHO and based on the Body Mass Index (BMI). People who have a BMI identical to or more than 30 kg / m2 (the identical for each sexes) are overweight.
BMI can measure Obesity. It calculates by using dividing the burden (kg) by using the rectangular of the height in meters. For example, if a individual weighs one hundred twenty kilos and is 1.Sixty five meters tall, their BMI is forty four. BMI has shown an amazing association among body fat and fitness threat at the population degree.
And according to the sharing of fatty tissue, Obesity also classify
Abdominal, Visceral Obesity
It is likewise called the android kind with a predominance of adiposity inside the top half of of the frame: neck, shoulders, and stomach. Therefore, this sort of fatness is related to an accelerated threat of metabolic sicknesses.
Femoral Gluteal or Gynoid Obesity
So,With a incidence of adiposity within the buttocks, hips, thighs, and the decrease half of the frame, waist circumference measurement makes use of a reference indicator in Europe due to the relationship among the fat distribution. In the case of fellows, it ought to no longer exceed 102 centimeters, and in ladies, 88 centimeters.
Causes of Obesity
The causes of Obesity are manifold and multifaceted. However, it generally accepts that the purpose of Obesity is an energy imbalance between the calories ate up and the calories expended via exercise and daily existence activities, so the frame shops excess calories inside the form of fat.
Symptoms of Obesity
The most apparent symptom is weight gain, so the symptoms will depend on this weight gain, which, among others, can be:
1. Difficulty sleeping. Obesity is related to sleep apnea, which is the cause of daytime sleepiness and poor restful sleep.
2. Back or joint pain
3. Excessive sweating
4. Heat intolerance
5. Infections in the skin folds.
6. Fatigue.
7. Depression and
8. Feeling short of breath (dyspnea)
Signs of Obesity
- The skin thickens and darkens in some parts of the body (acanthosis nigricans).
2. The appearance of stretch marks.
3. Its edema and varicose veins in the lower extremes.
4. Body Mass Index greater than 30 kg / m2 and
5. The waist perimeter is more significant than 102 cm in men and 88 cm in women.
Diagnosis of Obesity
The diagnosis of Obesity foundation on the bodily examination and scientific history of the patient; Therefore, it is critical to calculate the BMI to verify that it’s far greater than 30 kg / m2 to determine the severity of Obesity.
In addition, this information allows you to set treatment goals and find out what health problems or risk factors exist.
Clinical history:
It is of particular relevance to obtain information on the history of body weight, age of onset, weight fluctuations, previous treatments, intake patterns, conditioning factors of weight gain medications that may influence weight variation, degree of physical activity, as well as family history to assess disposition to confident viruses such as type 2 diabetes or high blood pressure.
But,the record also helps identify other metabolic disorders associated with Obesity and determine the degree of control of known health problems. Finally, the history of smoking and alcohol ingesting should also evaluate.
Physical examination:
It is essential to record weight and height to calculate BMI, measure waist circumference and blood pressure levels. The bodily review also helps to rule out other conditions, such as the presence of vinous striae or lower extremity edema.
Blood tests and imaging tests:
They depend on the patient’s symptoms at that time and the risk factors for the development of other diseases.Though the analysis consists of assessing the fasting levels of glucose, cholesterol, liver, kidney, and thyroid function, among others. In addition, an electrocardiogram and liver ultrasound recommend to rule out hepatic steatosis.
Conclusion
In short,Obesity is a highly prevalent continuing disease and most of the countries of the world. It characterizes by a higher body fat content, which, depending on its magnitude and topographic location, will determine health risks that limit expectations and quality of life.
Morever,obesity classifies according to the Body Mass Index due to the excellent correlation that this indicator presents with body fat and health risk at the population level.
Furthermore, the strong connotation between abdominal Obesity and cardiac disease has allowed the clinical acceptance of indirect indicators of abdominal fat, such as waist circumference measurements.
